Titanium

Titanium is a unique metal. The properties of this material make it indispensable in many areas of human life. Titanium became known more than two hundred years ago and has not lost its popularity since then. It is one of the most common elements in Mendeleev's periodic table.
Titanium has a fairly large number of different names and has a different content of chemical elements and impurities such as nitrogen, silicon, oxygen, iron and others.
Titanium in its role has a wide range of applications in manufacturing, avai-construction, chemical industry, in the manufacture of medical equipment and components, as well as ship-building and other interesting technological applications.

Alloy "Grade 1", the first of four pure titanium alloys, is soft and ductile. It has a larger formation, it also has high toughness and excellent corrosion resistance. This alloy is the Russian analogue of ВT-1-00, as well as the Japanese TP270 and the Chinese TA1.

Alloy "Grade 2" is the best known ASTM alloy name. It is the Russian analogue of the ВT-1.0 alloy, the Japanese TP340 and the Chinese TA2. This alloy has found practical application in the manufacture of corrosion-resistant equipment with an average level of strength. In the manufacture of medical products, it is widely used (Instruments, Implants, ASTM F67 standard describes the application).

Alloy "Grade 3" - is a metal with less flexibility, but has increased strength. This material has found application in the manufacture of valves according to ASME standards due to its high weldability. Fittings and flanges made from this alloy are easy to pour into molds. It also excels in corrosion resistance and reducing environments. The analogue is the Russian ВT 1-0 alloy and the Japanese TP450 and the Chinese TA3..

Alloy "Grade 4" refers to a variety of unalloyed titanium. This alloy has found its application in medical purposes, as well as jewelry, and in dentistry. It is a direct analogue of the Russian ВT-1-0 alloy and the Japanese TP550 and the Chinese TA4..

Alloy "Grade 6", in the field of metallurgy, is characterized as a well-weldable and acid-resistant material. (600 ° F to 1000 ° F). Differs in heaviness in forging and narrow ductility range. On an industrial scale, this alloy is used for the manufacture of forgings and sheet rolling, which are aimed at creating compressors, air ducts, jet engine blades and steam turbines. This alloy is the Russian analogue of ВT5-1, the Japanese TAP340Pb and the Chinese TA6.

Alloy "Grade 7" belongs to the 7th class with 0.1% addition in the composition of palladium, similar in properties to the alloy of the 2nd class, but with improved resistance to general and localized corrosion. It is also characterized by neutrality to crevice corrosion, to corrosion in reducing environments of acids of a wide range, including in a chloride environment, with a low pH value and at high temperatures - above 180ºF (83ºC) to 500ºF (260 ° C), this alloy is used in general appointments. Japanese analogue ТР340Pb and the Chinese TA9.

"Grade 9" is an alpha alloy that is strengthened by cold working and has good ductility and toughness. This alloy is used for the production of tubular products for a wide range of applications, for the manufacture of elements of aircraft air ducts. It is used to make golf club handles and bicycle frames. The ASME code of standards is approved for this alloy. An analogue of this alloy is the Russian OT4-V, the Japanese TAP3250, and the Chinese TA18.

"Grade-11" is the equivalent of Grade 1 titanium, but with the addition of palladium, which significantly improves the material's resistance to general and localized corrosion. And also increases the resistance to crevice corrosion, when products are operated in reducing environments, in acidic environments of a wide range, including in a chloride environment at low pH. Enhances the resistance of materials at high temperatures in excess of 180 ° F (83°C) to 500°F (260°C). Chinese analogue of TA9-1 alloy.

Alloy "Grade 12" is a light alloyed alloy close to the composition of alpha alloys. The material has increased strength at elevated temperatures and optimal design tolerances according to ASME standards. The material is easy to weld and has excellent corrosion resistance, including crevice corrosion. This material is highly resistant to corrosion in oxidizing and very weakly reducing environments. Chinese analogue of TA10.

Alloy "Grade 16" with a lower content of palladium (0.1 Pd), similar in mechanical properties to the alloy of the 2nd class and 7th class. The low content of palladium in the composition of this alloy reduces the cost of production, but does not significantly affect the resistance to general corrosion, as well as to localized crevice corrosion. Chinese analogue of TA8 alloy.

Alloy "Grade-17" is analogous to titanium alloy of grade 11, but with a lower percentage of palladium in the composition. The material is easy to weld in any condition. This material is highly resistant to corrosion in oxidizing and very weak reducing environments. The alloy is fire resistant and can be used in the manufacture of cast valves and fittings. Japanese analogue ТР340Pb, chinese analogue of TA8-1 alloy.

Alloy "Grade 18" refers to a highly weldable material, from which welded fittings, welded and seamless pipes, rods, and billets are made. Chinese analogue of TA25 alloy.

Alloy "Grade-21" is intended for the manufacture of seamless and welded pipes, as well as long products - circles and billets. Chinese analogue of TV8 alloy.

Grade 23 is an ASTM high strength titanium alloy with a low level of impurities. The Russian analogue of this alloy is ВT-6, chinese analogue of TC4ELI alloy.. Found its application in the field of medical surgery, its properties are durable and "healthy" in use.

Alloy "Grade 27" has excellent weldability, and is characterized by good deformability, has mechanical properties equivalent to grade 1 titanium alloy. 0.1% ruthenium is added to the grade 27 titanium alloy to provide high resistance to any type of corrosion (equivalent to Ti grade 11, 17 alloys), but at a lower cost. Resistance to corrosion in acidic environment, general and crevice corrosion is slightly reduced in environments with pH <1 and temperatures> 200 ° C. Chinese analogue of TA26 alloy.

ВT1-0 grade denotes technical titanium with high strength and anti-corrosion properties. The numbers after the lettering indicate the purity of the alloy, implying 0.3% impurities. Titanium VT1-0 possesses sufficient ductility, toughness, elongation and low creep. Use in industry: for products with high strength with sufficient plasticity and toughness, high resistance to small plastic deformations, brittle and fatigue fracture, used in mechanical engineering, instrument making and the tool industry, for the manufacture of products of cryogenic technology Made according to the Russian standard: ГОСТ 22178‑76, ГОСТ 23755-79, ГОСТ 27265-87, ГОСТ 19807-91

Alloy ВT-6, I is a wrought titanium alloy, used for the manufacture of large-sized welded and prefabricated aircraft structures, for the manufacture of cylinders operating under internal pressure in a wide temperature range from 196 to 450 ° C, and a number of other structural elements; structure class α + β. Performed according to the Russian standard: ГОСТ 19807 - 91, ГОСТ 26492-85, ГОСТ 27265-87.

Wrought titanium alloy ВT-20 has good anti-corrosion, heat-resistant and mechanical properties. The main alloying elements for this grade of titanium are aluminum, zirconium and vanadium. Other impurities include molybdenum, iron, silicon, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen. Alloy VT20 belongs to the mixed class in terms of pseudo α structure. The weldability of the material is unlimited, amenable to heat treatment in the form of annealing. Titanium VT20 is used for the manufacture of parts that can operate for a long time at temperatures up to 500 ° C. It is widely demanded in various branches of modern mechanical engineering.
Manufactured according to Russian standards: ГОСТ 19807-91, ГОСТ 19807-9, ГОСТ 26492-85.

Wrought titanium alloy ВT-22 is characterized by high strength and corrosion resistance. It belongs to highly alloyed titanium alloys, where the main elements are aluminum, molybdenum, vanadium, iron and chromium. Other impurities include zirconium, silicon, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen. Alloy VT 22 has a mixed-class crystal lattice in the structure of α + β. The material has limited weldability, amenable to heat treatment in the form of annealing, quenching and aging. Titanium VT22 is used for the manufacture of heavily loaded parts operating at medium and high temperatures. It is widely demanded in various branches of modern mechanical engineering. For example, for the production of parts for the fuselage, wing, control system, stamping and fasteners. Manufactured according to Russian standard, ГОСТ 19807-91,  ГОСТ 26492-85, ГОСТ 1080-1280.

OT-4 grade denotes a wrought titanium alloy with good anti-corrosion and strength properties. The main alloying elements for this grade of titanium are aluminum and manganese. Other impurities include zirconium, iron, silicon, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen. In terms of its internal structure, grade OT4 refers to pseudo α-alloys. It is well pressurized when hot and limited when cold. OT4 alloy is easily welded by various types of welding. It does not lend itself to thermal hardening, except for complete or incomplete annealing. It is used to make semi-finished products and parts that work for a long time at high temperatures. Manufactured according to the Russian standard ГОСТ 19807-91.

Titanium grade OT4-1 is one of the most technologically advanced titanium alloys. Titanium OT4-1 is low-strength, low-alloyed. It deforms well in hot and cold conditions and is mainly intended for the production of sheets, strips and strips. Slabs, forgings, rods, pipes and profiles are obtained from Ot4-1. The titanium alloy Ot4-1 is well welded, and the strength and ductility of the welded joint are practically the same as with the base metal. Alloy OT4-1 is intended for the manufacture of parts operating up to a temperature of 350 ° C for no more than 2000 hours and up to 300 ° C for no more than 30,000 hours and manufactured using welding, stamping and bending. In the annealed state, alloy OT4-1 is used for the manufacture of parts such as wing skins, flaps, and the inner wing set. Full annealing is carried out at 640-690 ° C (sheet semi-finished products and parts from them) and at 740-790 ° C incomplete annealing - at 520-560 ° C. Disadvantages of this alloy: relatively low strength; very high tendency to hydrogen brittleness (iodine content should not exceed 0.005%).

The titanium alloy grade ПТ-1М is a wrought alloy for the manufacture of ingots and semi-finished products, cold-worked pipes, parts for aircraft and instrumentation for special purposes. Performed according to the Russian standard, GOST 1-92077-91.

The titanium alloy grade ПT-3М is a wrought alloy for the manufacture of ingots and semi-finished products, cold-worked pipes, parts for aircraft and instrumentation for special purposes. Performed according to the Russian standard, GOST 1-92077-91.

Wrought titanium alloy ПТ7М has good corrosion resistance and high processability. It deforms easily even at room temperature. The disadvantages include a relatively low strength and a high tendency to hydrogen brittleness. The main elements of the lightly alloyed PT 7M alloy are aluminum, zirconium and iron. Other impurities include silicon, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen. The crystal lattice of the ПТ7M alloy has a structural class of pseudo α. The material is not thermally hardened, weldability is unlimited. Moreover, the strength and ductility of the weld are close to those of the metal itself. Titanium ПT7M is used for the manufacture of thin-walled parts of complex shapes by welding or cold stamping. It is widely demanded in various branches of modern mechanical engineering. Manufactured according to Russian standard, ГОСТ 19807-91